隨著中國疫情的緩和,A股表現超越大盤

在全球股市動蕩的同時,中國A股市場在近期市場波動下逐漸有恢復的跡象。主要是中國為了抑制病毒爆發所採取的嚴厲措施,以及一系列維持市場流動性的政策,支撐A股的反彈。

隨著新型冠狀病毒在全球擴散,脆弱的全球經濟令人更加擔憂。因此,在過去的幾周當中,儘管各國央行為了遏止恐慌性拋售,宣布降息和其他寬鬆政策,全球市場仍轉向「風險趨避」。

在所有受影響的國家中,中國看起來是率先控制住疫情的國家之一。自從中國在過去兩個月實施嚴格的隔離和積極的預防措施以來,感染率已大幅下降,從2月的每天幾百例降至本週每天不到50例。在撰寫本文時(3月23日),81,602件病例中已有72,841件出院,而根據自1月1日開始的全國報告1,也首次顯示中國338個城市中有292個為零感染。

恢復的表現

為了確保市場上充足的流動性,政府採取了一系列貨幣寬鬆措施,例如:將銀行同業拆借成本降到十年來的最低水準。這些政策帶來的結果之一就是使中國A股年初至今的表現優於其他區域的股票市場(見圖1)

 

圖1:年初至今,中國A股市場表現優於世界主要股市2

年初至今,中國A股市場表現優於世界主要股市

商業活動的復甦

 

對中國來說,新型冠狀病毒的病例達到頂峰是一個正面的信號。根據野村證券研究顯示,中國主要發電廠的每日煤炭消耗量增加,再加上農曆新年後工人復工率的提高,可以發現中國的經濟正逐步回到正軌(見圖2)。

 

圖2:工人的累計復工率及每日煤炭消耗量3

Ashares outperform as the outbreak wanes in China5

不過,中國仍然面臨潛在的外部衝擊。在世界其他地區,目前的經濟前景仍不明朗,新型冠狀病毒病例的激增為已全球經濟和供應鏈帶來了巨大挑戰。

在這樣的情況下,我們預期中國政府將推出更多的支持性政策,包括更多的基礎建設計畫、針對中小型企業的優惠政策,以及進一步降低存款準備金比率和政策貸款利率。

投資意涵

 

有鑒於這些因素,我們預估中國今年GDP將增長4%到5%間,這對應於A股的收益增長約為1%到4%。我們也認為,中國將繼續促進新經濟領域的發展,包括5G、醫療保健和新消費等。

目前,中國A股市場的估值中看起來是合理的。滬深300指數的預估本益比是9.5倍,處於3年歷史平均之下(見圖3),根據彭博的市場共識,這個數據遠低於其他全球同類型的MSCI世界指數—12.3倍 。  

 

圖3:中國A股的預估本益比遠低於歷史平均2

Ashares outperform as the outbreak wanes in China6

短期內,全球增長前景低迷,加上全球市場風險偏好下降,將不可避免地為A股市場帶來壓力。但是,從長期來看,中國的結構性變化趨勢仍將保持不變。

瀚亞投資管理(上海)指出,那些對外國事業較無接觸、可受惠於國內的促進成長政策,以及受新型冠狀病毒影響不大的股票,預計在2020年仍有可觀的成長,也將是我們股票團隊著重的標的。

Sources:
Tencent News, citing data from National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China, data updated at 9:34 pm, 23 March 2020.
2 Bloomberg, data from 31 December 2019 to 18 March 2020. Price returns in local currencies.
3 Nomura’s China: Weekly update on COVID-19 situation and business resumptions, 16 March 2020 (Fig. 15 and 27), citing sources from Baidu Migration and Nomura Global Economies for Fig. 2a, and WIND and Nomura Global Economics for Fig. 2b, both define the first day of Lunar New Year (LNY) as Day T.
4 Source: Bloomberg. Data as at 20 March 2020. Forward price-to-earnings ratio for next year.

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