【收益優化】2021年11月基金評論

市場現況:

11月風險資產表現波動,因為央行決策變得更加難以預測,且新型變種病毒Omicron的出現使投資者情緒更加緊張。儘管通膨持續攀升,但由於風險偏好減弱,升息的可能性被推遲。英國和美國公債等避險債券表現良好,而公司債利差擴大。在固定收益方面,高收益債券和新興市場債券表現不佳,反映出對債券風險較高領域的需求減弱。與此同時,傳統上與風險偏好以及和石油和股票等強勁經濟成長相關的資產價格也在此期間受到影響。

11月主要經濟體的通膨年增率均偏高:美國 CPI(消費者物價指數)年增6.2%,英國CPI年增4.2%,歐元區 CPI 年增4.1%。2021年,通貨膨脹為主導投資者思維的議題,此趨勢將在2022年持續。

回顧本月基金表現,由於市場認為英國近期會升息,代表相較於中期和長期債券,短期債券殖利率已經上升,使英國殖利率曲線平坦化。30年期債券殖利率由於其他因素而下降,其中包括養老基金需求上升和一些對沖基金活動。需求推高了價格,因此殖利率下降。市場預期英國央行11月升息——然而並沒有,也進一步平坦了曲線。鑑於我們預期英國收益率曲線將表現陡峭,因此我們做空長期債券殖利率,近期殖利率趨平及價格上漲將對基金表現不利。相對而言,風險緊張情緒也影響了我們的短期部位——英國、德國及美國公債等主要政府債券下跌為殖利率表現的主要拖累者。

由於對新型變種病毒的擔憂,歐洲債券和評級範圍內的信用利差擴大,導致該基金部位表現不佳。值得注意的是,我們並不意外信用利差擴大,因為其過去處於相對低點。基於穩健的經濟基礎,我們維持對未來幾個月債券展望的建設性看法。

投組調整:

長期看來,我們預期政府債券在利率上升情景下(以應對通貨膨脹)表現將不佳,該基金持續減少存續期間至2.4年。話雖如此,最近幾週它已經小幅上漲,因為我們買了一些7年期和10年期美國公債,並犧牲英國和歐洲政府債券為代價——此交易是基於我們認為短天期債券將有更好評價。同樣在政府債券中,我們出售了一些義大利通膨連結債券——這些債券表現良好是由於義大利經濟和歐洲普遍的通膨預期上升。

在公司債券方面,我們持續在歐洲和英國市場尋找機會,其中我們特別關注銀行產業,因其應在經濟成長環境中表現良好。

最後,在高收益債券方面,我們通過在流動的美國和歐洲高收益指數上建立新部位以增加曝險。我們認為,在接下來的幾個月裡,良好經濟發展應使企業保持低違約率,因此我們在債券風險較高部分擁有約 20%的資產。

 
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